Railway truck



Nov. 21, 1939. D. s. BARROWS RAILWAY TRUCK Filed NOV. 18, 1936 3Sheets-Sheet l NOV. 21, 1939. s BARRQWS 2,180,933

RAILWAY TRUCK Filed NOV. 18, 1936 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 .5070 [d A5: Bar-PawsGum M D. s. BARROWS 2.l80,933

RAILWAY TRUCK Filed Nov. 18, 1936 Nov. 21, 1939.

3 She ets-Sheet 3 Patented Nov. 21, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICERAILWAY TRUCK Application November 18, 1936, Serial No. 111,511

33 Claims.

This invention relates to railway vehicles and, more particularly, totrucks in which the par s are flexibly connected, one with another, sothat the bolster is permitted to move laterally with respect to asupporting transom, and the side frame is permitted to angle withrespect to said transomand associated journal boxes.

The principal object of my invention, generally considered, is toimprove the construction of railway trucks, and particularly that of thebolsters, supporting transoms and associated parts, in order to allowfor adjusting movement between the bolsters, transoms, side frames andjournal boxes.

Another object of my invention is the provision of a railway truck ofimproved form, and preferably including the features of having theframes of double truss construction with the omission of spring planks,the relationship between the transoms and guide columns includingcylindrical wearing surfaces to provide the desired flexibility, and theemployment of separate journal boxes, including the same cylindricalfeature, helical and elliptic springs being used between the journalboxes and the ends of said frames as well as for supporting the transom.The bolster is inverted U-shape in section and fits over the supportingtransom, being swingably supported therefrom, to allow for the desiredlateral movement of the bolster with respect to the transom.

A further object of my invention is the provision of a railway truck inwhich the frames are connected by a spring-supported transom and, ifdesired, also by a bottom tie rod hingeably connected to each sideframe, said rod replacing the usual form of springplank, said transomcarrying a bolster having depending side flanges embracing the majorportion of the transom and connected thereto by means of swing linkshanging from the ends of keys, the central portions of said keys havingtheir lower surfaces extended to form rockers preferably engaging curvedwear blocks mounted in the transom. Relatively short links are utilizedto connect the bolster and transom, and by reason of the introduction ofrolling action between the key rocker portions and the wear blocks onthe transom the swing motion of the bolster for a portion of itsmovement is in an arc, the radius of which is much greater than theactual length of the supporting links.

A still further object of my invention'is the provision of a compoundbolster construction including a relatively long bolster part supportedfrom associated side frames by means of springs, and a relatively shortbolster part of generally hollow construction, including flangesembracing the major portion of the relatively long bolster part, saidrelatively long bolster part having keys rockably mounted therein withends extending from opposite sides thereof, said key ends carrying swinglinks which, in turn, carry the relatively short bolster part forlateral movement with respect to the relatively long part.

Other objects and advantages of the invention, relating to theparticular arrangement and construction of the various parts, willbecome apparent as the description proceeds.

Referring to the drawings illustrating my invention, the scope whereofis defined 'by the appended claims:

I Figure 1 is a fragmentary side elevational view of one embodiment ofmy truck, portions being shown in vertical section.

, Figure 2 is a transverse sectional view on the line 22 of Figure 1,looking in the direction of the arrows, portions of the associatedbolster, transom and supporting springs being shown in side elevation.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view of the frame on theline 3-3 of Figure 1, looking in the direction of the arrows, thebolster springs being shown in plan.

Figure 4 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view of the frame, on theline 44 of Figure 1, looking in the direction of the arrows, portions ofthe transom and supported lateral motion bolster being illustrated inplan.

Figure 5 is a fragmentary sectional view on the line 55 of Figure 1,looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figured is a fragmentary sectional view of the transom and supportedbolster on an enlarged scale on the 1ine2-2 of Figure 1, looking in thedirection of the arrows.

Figure 7 is a fragmentary sectional view on the line 7-4 of Figure 6,looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 8 is a diagram, showing the manner of securing the effect of longswing links, by introducing rolling action into the mounting of thebolster-supporting keys.

Referring to the drawings in detail, like parts being designated by likereference characters, 5

there is shown a portion of a truck I comprising a pair of side frames2, only one of which is illustrated. Each side frame comprises acompression member 3, a tension member 4, and bolster guide columns 5,spacing intermediate portions of said compression and tension members,and spaced to leave a bolster or window opening 5 therebetween. openingpockets or jaws I, only one of which is illustrated, at the ends thereoffor receiving journal boxes 8.

The compression member 3 preferably comprises a web 9, which extendsoutwardly to overlie each journal box 8, and flanges |0 depending fromthe sides thereof. The tension member 4 has an intermediate normallyhorizontal spring-supporting portion generally boxshaped in section, theupper web I2 of which is extended laterally, beyond depending flanges orsubstantially vertical web portions l3 thereof, to provide aspring-supporting portion of adequate area.

The spring-supporting portions, beyond the flanges l3, are desirablyreinforced by triangular gussets I l. The depth of the flanges l3, alongthe diagonal end portions of the tension member, is generally less thanthat of said flanges of the horizontal portion thereof, the loweroutline of said diagonal portions being desirably first concavedownwardly and then convex downwardly, to provide a bulge beneath theguide columns where the diagonal portions join the horizontal portions,thereby reinforcing the junctions at the guide columns. The lower webportion |5, beneath the bolster opening 6, desirably terminates beneaththe guide columns, leaving the outer portions of the tension membersubstantially inverted U-shape in section.

The side frame being desirably of the double truss type, in the presentembodiment, I show the upper web l2 of said member formed with upperlongitudinal convolutions or corrugations l6, which provide auxiliaryweb portions disposed at an angle to, and merging into, the main web |2.These auxiliary web portions, which are connected to the main webportion by generally triangular side portions H, as shown in Figure 3,start between the guide columns and extend diagonally upward and outwardthrough said columns, to finally merge with the normal plane of the webl2 at approximately the point where the depending flanges I0 of thecompression member join said web |2, thereby strengthening the anglebetween the horizontal and inclined portions of the tension member, aswell as providing supplemental or intermediate support for thoseportions of the tension member between the guide columns. The portionsof the upper web I2, beyond the flanges l3, desirably taper beneath theguide columns to finally merge into the flange portions |3 atapproximately the bases of the columns 5, as shown most clearly inFigure 1.

Each guide column 5 desirably comprises a web portion |8, which extendssubstantially vertically along the guiding portion thereof. The sides ofthe guide columns are defined by flange portions l9, extending from theside edges of the web l8, withtheir free edges preferably reinforced bybeading 20. Said flanges are desirably spaced a greater distance thanthe width of the convolutions IS in the tension member, so that theystraddle said convolutions and connect with the main web portions |2 ofthe tension member on either side of the convoluted portion thereof.

In the present embodiment, I provide for connections between the innerbolster member, of a two-part or multi-part bolster, or transom 2| andthe side frames 2 which correspond some- Each frame has downwardly whatwith the bolster-frame connections shown in my application Serial No.629,953, filed August 22, 1932, which has since matured into Patent No.2,132,381, granted October 11, 1938. For that purpose the flanges l9 atthe bolster guiding portions of the guide columns 5 are formed withouter guiding surfaces 22 disposed on planes radial, or substantiallyradial, from the vertical axis 23, or the line of intersection betweenthe central longitudinal and central transverse planes of said frame.The bolster has flanges or lugs 24 formed on corresponding radial planesfor engagement with the guiding surfaces 22 on the columns, the includedangle between said surfaces being greater than the included angle of theradial column sides by an amount equal to the angle which the bolster ispermitted to swing from one extreme to the other upon departure from thenormal right angle relationship with respect to the frame.

Instead of forming the webs l8 of the guide columns with their innersurfaces on parallel planes, I have formed said inner surfaces concaveto correspond with a vertically disposed cylinder whose vertical axiscoincides with the axis 23 of the frame, and the bolster or transom 2|has its side webs 25 bulged, as shown most clearly in Figure 4, so thatthe outer surfaces thereof fit the concave cylindrical inner surfaces ofthe webs l8 of the guide columns, thereby allowing for angling betweensaid bolster and frames, with the avoidance of line contact uponreaching the limits of angling. The upper and lower webs of the bolsteror transom 2| are desirably reinforced by a connecting web 26, as shownmost clearly in Figure 1.

I show the bolster or transom 2| supported from the illustrated frame bymeans of a nest comprising four helical springs 21 and two ellipticsprings or sets of banded leaf springs 28, without the use of a springplank. The nest of coil and elliptic springs is desirably provided withupper and lower spring plates 29 and 30, which may take a form such asgenerally described in one of the Townsend applications Serial No.694,332, flied October 19, 1933, which has since matured into Patent No.2,084,543, granted June 22, 1937, and Serial No. 704,958, filed January2, 1934, which has since matured into Patent/No. 2,102,102, grantedDecember 14, 1937, although I do not wish to be limited to thisconstruction. However, in order to more accurately maintain the platesin proper position with respect to the frame, the lower plate 30desirably has upstanding lugs 3| disposed in positioning relation withrespect to upstanding lugs 32 on the spring-seating portion of thetension member web I2, as shown most clearly in Figure 3. In this waythe positioning of the lower spring plate is not dependent on itsnesting over the corrugations l6, which is not ordinarily a tight fit.For uniformity and economy in manufacture, both spring plates of bothframes are desirably of the same construction. The springs are thus heldin the desired relation with respect to one another, and the completenest is held in the desired relation with respect to the associated sideframe and bolster.

The omission of the spring plank is desirably partly compensated for bya tie bar or rod 33 which desirably connects the frame to the associatedframe (not shown) at the other side of the truck, the connections beingflexible, as by means of a pin 34 passing through an eye 35 on each endof the tie rod 33 and corresponding 45, the ends of and allow forlateral the bolster 31, which lugs 36, upstanding from the web I2 thetension member I.

In order to increase the flexibility of the truck motion of a supportedcar body (not shown) with respect to the supporting side frames, Iemploy a bolster 31 or relatively short part of a two-part or multi-partbolster, with the frame-connecting relatively long part or transom 2|,said bolster 31 carrying the usual truck center plate portioii'idandbeing mounted on the transom 2| for lateral motion with respect thereto.The means for supporting comprises an upper web 39 and flanges 40depending from the sides thereof and straddling the transom 2|, includesa key 4| intersecting the transom 2| adjacent each end thereof, each keyhaving-its ends extending beyond the sides of said transom and movablysupporting a link 42, by extending through slots 43 therein. The lowerportion of each link 42 receives a relatively short pivot pin which arereceived in the adjacent flange 40, and an adjacent intermediate bolsterflange 46. If desired, removal of the pins 45 is prevented by notchingthe outer end of each, as indicated at 41, allowing said notchedportions to engage webs 48, partially closing the apertures or pockets49 which receive the outer ends of the pins after assembly of thelateral motion bolster 31 with the transom 2|, is prevented bythe-adjacent side wall portions of the transom, as shown most clearly inFigure 7.

If the top of each link 42 were pivoted for rotation about a fixed axison the transom 2| and the lower end of each link were pivoted forrotation about an axis fixed with respect .to'the lateral motion bolster31, a given amount of lateral motion of said bolster 3'! with respect tothe transom 2| 'would result in a relatively large amount of upwardmovement of said bolster 31 with respect to the associated transom 2|,the actual amount depending on the length of the links 42 which, inaccordance with my invention,

are relatively short. In order to provide for a relatively easy or slowupward movement of the bolster 31, upon lateral movement thereof withrespect to the supporting transom 2|, I form the lower edge 50 of theintermediate portion of each key 4| with a curved surface, as shown mostclearly in Figure 6, thereby providing for rocking action of said key.

In order to minimize wear on the supporting transom 2|, I desirablyposition a plate directly beneath the rocker portion 50 of each key 4|,each wear plate having its key-engaging surfaces struck on anarc ofrelatively easy curvature, as shown in Figure 6. Said plate may bemaintained in position in any desired manner as by providing dependingend flanges 52 received in corresponding outer notches 53 in the sidesurfaces of said transom, as shown most clearly in Figure 7. The slots43 receiving the ends of the key 4| are elongated laterally, so thatupon lateral movement of the bolster 31, each. link 42 pivots about thecenter of the radius of the'top surface of the key 4|, while the keyrocks in the direction of lateral motion, thereby effectively elongatingthe radius of curvature about which the links 42 rotate, as showndiagrammatically in Figure 8.

As an example of an embodiment of my invention, if we consider links ofapproximately seven and three-fourths inches in length pivoted about akey 4| which, during link pivoting, rolls from twenty-four and one-halfinches,

seven and three fourths inches, because of the.

45. Inward movement of the pins 45,

the median position, indicated in full lines in Figure 8, to the dottedpositions 4|' radius of rotation of each link is approximately ratherthan rolling progression of the key 4| as the links 42 rotate about theupper surface thereof. This results in a very easy lateral motioneffect, while avoiding clearance difficulties which might arise if longlinks were employed.

When the keys 4| have rocked to either of the positions 4| or 4|",further movement of the keys in the same direction is prevented by theengagement between them and the adjacentportions of the transom, and afurther movement of the bolster in the same direction will thereforefollow an arc, the radius of which is equal to the length of the links43. The final movement of the bolster is therefore resisted by the sharpincrease in the work performed, due to the greater gravitationalresistance to the movement of the bolster on this relatively shortradius.

Assembly of the lateral motion bolster 3'| with respect to thetransom 2|is efiected after the pins in-one direction and 4|" in the otherdirection, as shown, the real.

45 have been positioned, to hold the links 42 in place in the pockets4B, whereupon the transom 2|, 'which transom, of course, has the wearplates 5| in place, whereupon the keys 4| are positioned through theapertures 54 in the flanges 40 before the bolster 31 is lowered 'to itsfinal position, as shown in Figure 7. After reaching this finalposition, 40 defining the apertures 54 extend below the upper edges ofthe keys 4| and prevent undesired between the flanges 40 and .removal ordisplacement thereof. {After assembly the bolster 31 is prevented fromundesired upward displacement with respect to the transom 2| by means ofbolts 55 connecting depending lug portions of the depending intermediateflanges 46 and encircled by spacing sleeves 55.

The bolts may be headed at one end, as indicated at 51, and eachreceives a nut or other securing device 58 at the other end. The sleeves56 may have sufilcient clearance, and be so close to the lower surfaceof the transom 2|, as shown in Figure 6, that the bolster cannot beraised suificiently with respect to said transom, when the bolts 55 arein place, to allow withdrawal of the associated keys 4|. The relativemovement between the bolster and transom is limited by the contact ofthe shoulders a and b, shown most clearly in Figure 4.

The bolster 31 not only carries the center bearing 38, but may also havea raised portion 51' of its upper web 39 above which receives a key 4 I,which is adapted to serve for the support of a side bearing (not shown).

In order to provide an extra cushioning effect between the journal boxes8 and the transom 2|, to further dampen out vibrations and cushionshocks transmitted to the supporting wheels from the track on which theytravel, I provide a set of springs between each journal box and theassociated end of each frame, each set in the present embodimentcomprising two helical springs 59 and one semi-elliptic or banded leafspring 60 and, therefore, having a period of vibration difierent fromthat of the bolster springs. Other forms of non-harmonic springs could,of course, be used in this location.

Each helical spring 59 desirably engages an outstanding ledge 62 at theside of its box and is retained in place by a peripheral flange 62'bolster 31 is fittedover the J as illustrated, the flanges each transomportion ever, continued upwardly upstanding therefrom to provide forcentering said spring. The ledges 62 are desirably disposedsubstantially at the level of the box centers and journal (not shown)received therein, as illustrated. The encircling flanges are desirablycut low enough at one portion to facilitate application and removal ofthe springs 59, being, howto provide gussets63 extending between thesides of the ledges 62 and the sides of the boxes 8, said flanges orgussets being desirably cylindrical so as to partially house thesprings, as will be seen from Figure 5, and ex tending into the space atthe inwardly convoluted sides of the box which provide the brass lugs64, the flanges at their inner ends desirably merging with said brasslugs, as illustrated.

In addition to the cylindrical surrounding flanges 63, I desirably bulgethe sides of each box outwardly, as indicated at 65, to provide portionsmerging with intermediate portions of the flanges 63, and cylindricallycoaxial with the vertical axis of the box 8, which portions cooperatewith flanges 66 partially defining the jaws i which receive the journalbox. The flange portions 68 are joined by web portions 61 which extendaround the outer portions of the cylindrical webs or flanges 62 and 63and complete the enclosure of the springs 59 by box and frame portions.The upper portions of the flanges and webs 6B and 61 are connected byweb or abutment portions 68 which overlie the ledges 6| and provideupper spring-engaging surfaces.

Each semi-elliptic spring 50 desirably has its band or central portion69 engage a projection Ill from the top of a journal box 8, saidprojection being desirably formed with parallel upstanding beading orribbing ll providing a pocket to receive said spring band 69 and preventundesired displacement thereof. Each projection 10 extends through acorresponding aperture 12 in the web portion 68 of the frame whichconnects the abutment portions 68, said aperture guidingly receivingsaid projection 10, but being large enough to provide the desiredclearance for allowing relative angling of the box 8 with respect to theframe about the vertical axis of the box, as provided for by thecylindrical portions 65 and 66. The ends of the semi-elliptic springs 60engage abutments l3 and 14, respectively, provided adjacent the end ofthe compression memher Web 9 and intermediate the ends of said web.

' The upper web i2 of the tension member extends outwardly beyond thejunction with the compression member, but terminates short of the web ofthe compression member, as shown in Figure 1, in order to avoidinterference with the semi-elliptic spring 60, the web for that purposebeing desirably bifurcated, as indicated at 15, with the separatedportions tapering to gradually merge into the sides of the frame. Theinner spring or abutment portions 68 are desirably connected at theirinner ends to, or branch from, the extended web i2, as indicated at 16.In order to strengthen the frame adjacent the spring housings 63, thelower edges of the flanges l3 are provided with outwardly projectingflanges 61 clearly shown in Figure 1.

of retainer. bolts 11, the ends of which pass through depending lugportions 18 on the frame, and the intermediate portions of whichunderlie the ledges or spring-engaging webs 82 of the boxes. Loss orundesired removal of said bolts may be prevented in any desired manner,as by means of nuts and/or cotters (not shown).

To prevent the rapid wear of the adjacent portions of the transom andbolster, there are preferably provided wear plates 19 and 80 removablyattached to the transom and bolster respectively in overlapping relationso as to aiford engaging surfaces throughout the entire range ofrelative movement between the bolster and transom.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with theaccompanying drawings, it will be seen that I have devised a truckinvolving side frames of a preferred form and adapted to be connected toand disconnected from an associated transom and lateral motion bolster,as well as associated journal boxes, said transom and boxes, in theengaging portions of said frames, being so constructed that a limitedamount of horizontal angling therebetween is permitted, with themaintenance of contacting areas of substantial extent regardless ofrelative angularity. It will also be seen that I have providednonharmonic groups of springs not only for supporting the transom orrelatively long bolster member from the side frames, but also forsupporting the frames from the boxes.

If, because of the short travel of the journal box springs and theirperiod of high frequency, the matter of synchronization of theseparticular springs is not found to be of serious consequence, then threecoils could be used for each box instead of two coils and asemi-elliptic spring, because the bolster spring group, through whichthe entire load'passes, is fully non-harmonic. It might be added thatwhile the nest of bolstersupporting springs desirably has a fullstandard bolster spring travel of one and eleven-sixteenths inches, thenest of springs for each journal box need only have a travel of aboutone inch.

The flexibility of the truck, due to the provision for horizontalangling between each frame and its associated journal boxes and transom,is further enhanced by the provision of the relatively short bolster 31which straddles the transom 2| and is adapted to move laterally withrespect thereto, swinging therefrom on links with the provision forrocking between the link-supporting keys and the associated transom.While relatively short links may be employed, the effect of considerablylonger links is ensured by the rocking motion of the keys as they followthe swinging motion of the links in one direction or another, inaccordance with the motion of the supported bolster.

Although a preferred embodiment of my invention has been disclosed, itwill be understood that modifications may be made within the spirit andscope of the appended claims and that substitutions may be made; forexample, a full elliptic or other form of leaf spring may be substitutedfor the semi-elliptic springs shown.

While throughout the specification and the appended claims I have usedthe words transom and bolster interchangeably, it is to be understoodthat by transom or transom-bolster I refer to the spring-supportedportion ofmy twopart or multi-part bolster and do not intend to belimited to or to imply, as is usual with transoms, apart which extendsfrom one side frame to the other and is rigidly connected to each. Thespring-supported portion of my bolster or transom-bolster has its endportions slidably mounted between the bolster column guides of portionof the side frame.

I claim:

1. In a car truck, the combination with a side frame having tension andcompression members and interposed struts forming bolster guide columns,of a bolster comprising a spring-supported portion adapted to extendbetween said'guide columns and slidably supported therein by a nest ofsprings and a car-body-supporting portion, and means for swingablysupporting said lastnamed portion on said spring-supported portion, saidmeans comprising a plurality of pairs of links, each pair of links beingrotatably mounted on ends of keys, said keys being rockably mounted andextending through apertures in said springsupported portion.

2. In a car truck, the combination with a side frame having tension andcompression members and interposed struts forming a bolster opening, ofa two-part bolster, one portion of which extends between said bolsterguide columns and is slidably supported therein by a nest of springscarried by said side frame, said other portion comprising acar-body-supporting portion, said last-named portion terminating shortof said side frame and swingably supported from said firstnamed portionby a plurality of pairs of links, each pair of links being interposedbetween side walls of said portions and rockably and rotatably mountedon said spring-supported portion of the bolster.

3. In a car truck, the combination with a side frame having tension andcompression members and interposed struts forming bolster guide columns,of a bolster comprising a spring-supported portion adapted at its end toextend between said guide columns and slidably supported therein by anest of springs carried by said frame, and a car-body-supporting portionof substantially inverted U-shape in section and partially enclosing theadjacent portion of said spring-supported portion, each end of saidcar-body-supporting portion being supported from said spring-supportedportion by a pair of links, the links of each pair being pivotallyconnected adjacent their lower ends to said car-body-supporting portionand being pivotally connected to keys adjacent their upper ends, saidkeys being rockably associated with said spring-supported portion.

4. In a car truck, the combination with a side frame having tension andcompression members and interposed struts forming bolster guide columns,of a bolster comprising a spring-supported portion adapted at its end toextend between said guide columns and slidably supported therein by anest of springs carried by said frame, and a car-body-supporting portionof less length than said first-named portion and of substantiallyinverted U-shape in section, said car-body-supporting portionbeingprovided at each end with inner and outer depending flanges, a linkpivotally supported adjacent its lower end between each pair of adjacentflanges, and means carried by said spring-supported portion forpivotally and rockably supporting said links adjacent their upper ends.

5. In a car truck, the combination with a side frame having tension andcompression members and integral interposed struts forming bolster guidecolumns, of a transversely extending bolster member comprising aspring-supported portion adapted to extend between said guide columnsand slidably supported therein by a nest of springs carried by the side'frame and a carbody-supporting portion, and means for swingablysupporting said last-named portion on said springesupported portion,said means comprising a plurality of pairs of links, each pair of linksbeing connected adjacent its lower ends to said car-body-supportingportion, and each pair of links being pivotally and rockably supportedadjacent its upper ends upon a key extending outwardly of and carried bysaid spring-supported portion. a

6. In a car truck, the combination with a side frame having a bolsteropening, of a two-part bolster, one of said parts having an end receivedin said bolster opening and provided adjacent the inner face of saidside frame with a key, springs supporting said bolster part from saidside frame, a second bolster part with its end terminating short of saidframe and supported on said firstnamed part by links depending from theends of said key, said second bolster part having a pair of flanges ateach side of said first-named bolster part, one of said links beingreceived between each pair oi flanges, said flanges being apertured topermit the insertion or removal of said key, said apertures in the outerflanges being out of line with the apertures in the inner flanges whenthe parts are in assembled position so as to prevent accidentaldisplacement of said key.

'7. In a car truck, the combination with a side frame having a bolsteropening, of a bolster, springs supporting said bolster from said frame,said bolster being in two parts and comprising a spring-supportedportion and a shorter portion inverted U-shape in section and partiallyenclosing said spring-supported portion, each end of said shorterportion comprising a pair of spaced depending flanges lying adjacenteach side of said spring-supported portion, a key adjacent each end ofand extending through apertures in said spring-supported portion and theinner flanges of said shorter portion, but terminating short of saidouter flanges, and links depending from the outer ends of said keys anddisposed between said spaced flanges, the lower ends of said linksreceiving pins the ends of which are received in corresponding aperturesin said spaced flanges.

8. In a railway car truck, the combination with a pair of side frames,each having a bolster opening, of a two-part bolster with its endsreceived in said opening and yieldingly supported therein by springscarried by said side frames, a second bolster part of inverted U-shapein section mounted on and partially enclosing said firstnamed part, eachend of said last-named part comprising a pair of spaced dependingflanges lying adjacent each side of said first-named part, a keyadjacent each end of and extending through said first-named orspring-supported part, a bearing member housed within saidspring-supported part and disposed beneath each key, the lower surfaceof each key engaging said bearing member for rocking movement thereon,links pivotally mounted on the opposite ends of each key and eachdepending between a pair of adjacent flanges on said second-namedbolster part, and pins extending through apertures in each pair offlanges on said second-named bolster part for pivotally connecting eachlink adjacent its lower end to said second-named bolster part.-

9. In a, car truck, a two-part bolster comprising an inner and an outerbolster part, the inner tween the bolster guide columns ofa pair of sideframes and being spring-supported thereon, the outer part being adaptedto support the car body and being pivotally mounted, upon said innerpart by means of a plurality of pairs of links, a key having a rockingbearing on the inner part of said bolster and being pivotally connectedto the upper ends of an adjacent pair of links, the opposite ends ofsaid links being pivotally connected to said outer bolster part, andmeans on said inner bolster part to limit the rocking movement of saidkey beyond a predetermined distance.

10. In a car truck, the combination with a pair of side frames havingbolster openings formed therein, of a transom-bolster having its endsreceived within said openings and being slidably supported therein forvertical movement by springs carried by said side frames, of aswingmotion bolster of less length than said transombolster supported on saidtransom-bolster by a plurality of pairs of links, the lower ends of eachpair of links being pin connected to the swing motion bolster and a keyfor rockably and pivotally connecting the opposite ends of each pair oflinks to the transom-bolster, and means on said transom-bolster forlimiting the rocking movement of said keys whereby the lateral thrustfrom said swing motion bolster is transmitted to said transom-bolstersubstantially within the body thereof.

11. In a railway truck, in combination, a side frame having a bolsteropening, a transom-bolster with an end received in said opening, springssupporting said transom-bolster from said frame, a lateral motionbolster supported by and partially enclosing said transom-bolster, eachend portion of said lateral motion bolster comprising a pair of spaceddepending flanges lying adjacent each side of said transom-bolster, akey adjacent each end of and extending through apertures in saidtransom-bolster and the inner flanges of said lateral motion bolster,but terminating short of said outer flanges, whereby said key is held inplace, the lower surface of said key, between the sides of saidtransom-bolster, being curved to provide for rocking therebetween, linksdepending from the outer ends of said keys and disposed between saidspaced flanges, and pins passing through apertures in the lower ends ofsaid links and with their ends extending into apertures in thecorresponding spaced flanges.

12. In a railway truck, in combination, a pair of side frames, eachhaving a bolster opening, a ,transom-bolster with its ends received insaid openings, springs supporting said transom-bolster from said frames,a swing motion bolster of inverted U-shape in section supported fromsaid transom in straddling relation therewith, keys extending throughsaid transom-bolster and rockably mounted thereon, and links rotatablymounted on the ends of said keys, other portions of said links alsobeing rotatably connected with said swing motion bolster for allowinglateral movement thereof, and means for retaining said last-namedbolster in place on said transombolster comprising bolts connectingdepending lug portions on said swing motion bolster and underlying saidtransom-bolster.

13. In a railway truck, the combination with a pair of side frames eachhaving a bolster opening, of a transom-bolster with its ends received inthe respective openings and spring-supported from said frames, saidtransom-bolster being adapted to move vertically in said bolsteropenings with substantially no longitudinal movement W t respect to saidframes, and a lateral motion bolster with its ends terminating short ofsaid frames and having an upper web carrying center and side bearings,and side flanges depending from the edges of said web and receiving saidtransombolster therebetween, said lateral motion bolster being suspendedthrough said transom-bolster, with the provision for lateral motion, bykeys extending through said transom-bolster and rockably mounted 'withrespect thereto, the ends of said keys carrying links and the lower endsof said links being pin-connected with respect to said dependingflanges.

14. A flexible railway truck comprising a pair of side frames connectedby a transom-bolster supported therefrom and said frame also beingsupported by journal boxes, each frame having guide columns withinterior faces cylindrically concave about the vertical axis of saidframe, said transom-bolster having end portions received between saidguide columns and formed with outer cylindrically convex surfacescooperating with said concave surfaces for angling therebetween, eachjournal box having side walls bulged to form outer surfacescylindrically convex about its vertical axis, and said side frame havingpockets, defined by cylindrically concave surfaces, cooper atingtherewith for holding said boxes in place while allowing anglingtherebetween in a horizontal plane, springs supporting said frames fromsaid boxes and said transom-bolster from said frames, and a swing motionbolster fitting over said transom-bolster and suspended therefrom bymeans of links mounted on the ends of keys extending therethrough,whereby said swing motion bolster has freedom of movement laterally withrespect to said frames and said frames have freedom of movement forangling with respect to said transom-bolster and associated journalboxes.

15. A flexible railway truck comprising a pair of side frames connectedby a transom-bolster spring-supported therefrom, journal boxes slidablymounted on said side frames, springs interposed between said frames andeach journal box, each frame having guide columns with interior facescylindrically concave about the vertical axis of said frame, saidtransom-bolster having end portions received between said guide columnsand .formed with outer cylindrically convex surfaces cooperating withsaid concave surfaces for angling therebetween, each journal box havingside walls bulged to form outer surfaces cylindrically convex about itsvertical axis, and each of said side frames having a plurality ofpockets each defined by cylindrically concave surfaces cooperating withthe said faces of one of .said journal boxes for holding said boxes inplace, while allowing angling between each box and its associated sideframe in a horizontal plane, and a lateral motion bolster fitting oversaid transombolster and suspended therefrom by means of links mounted onthe ends of keys extending therethrough, said keys having a limitedrolling action with respect to said transom-bolster as the links rotateabout their free ends, thereby elongating the eifective radius ofrotation of said links and permitting greater freedom of lateralmovement of said lateral motion bolster.

16. A flexible railway truck comprising a pair of side frames thetension members of which are connected by a tie member pivoted to eachframe, a transom-bolster each end of which is spring-supported from anadjacent frame, jour nal boxes slidably mounted on said side frames,

springs interposed between said frames and each journal box, each framehaving guide columns with interior faces cylindrically concave about thevertical axis of said frame, said transombolster having end portionsreceived between said guide columns and formed with outer cylindricallyconvex surfaces cooperating with said concave surfaces for anglingtherebetween, each journal box having side walls bulged to form outersurfaces cylindrically convex about its vertical axis, and each of saidside frames having a plurality ,of pockets, each defined bycylindrically concave surfaces, cooperating with the said faces on oneof said journal boxes for holding said boxes in place while allowingangling between each box and its associated side frame in a horizontalplane, and a swing motion bolster fitting over said transom-bolster andsuspended therefrom by means of links mounted on the ends of keysextending therethrough, said keys each having a rolling bearing in saidtransombolster whereby said swing motion bolster has freedom of movementlaterally with respect to said frames and said frames have freedom ofmovement for angling with respect to said transom-bolster and associatedjournal boxes.

17. A flexible railway truck comprising a pair of side frames connectedby a transom-bolster spring-supported therefrom, each of said sideframes being spring-supported from journal boxes slidably mountedtherein, each frame having guide columns cooperating with the receivedend of the transom-bolster to allow for horizontal angling movementtherebetween, each journal box having outwardly extending horizontalwebs defined by upwardly extending flanges forming abutments for journalbox springs and telescoping with depending flange portions on theassociated frames, said journal boxes and frames cooperating to allowfor horizontal angling therebetween, the springs supporting thetransom-bolster from the frame being non-harmonic with the springssupporting the frames from the boxes, to avoid the amplification ofvibrations transmitted from the associated wheels, and a lateral motionbolster fitting over said transom-bolster and suspended therefrom bymeans of links mounted on the ends of keys extending therethrough, tothereby permit said lateral motion bolster to have freedom of movementlaterally in respect of said transom-bolster and the latter to havefreedom of horizontal angling movement with respect to said frames.

18. A multi-part bolster comprising a relatively long portion adapted tohave its ends supported by associated side frames and a shorter portioninverted U-shape in section and partially enclosing said long portion,each end of said shorter portion being link-supported from said longportion in order to provide for lateral motion therebetween, thesupporting links being swingably mounted from the ends of keys passingthrough said long portion, said keys being adapted to rock with respectto said portion, and removable wear plates carried by one of saidbolster parts and engaging the other.

19. A flexible railway truck comprising a pair of side frames havingbolster openings defined by guide columns provided with interiorsurfaces cylindrically concave about the vertical axes of said frames, amulti-part bolster comprising a transom bolster having end portionsresiliently supported on said side frames and received in said bolsteropenings, said end portions being formed with cylindrically convex sidewalls engaging said concave surfaces on said guide columns to allow forhorizontal angling therebetween, and a. lateral motion bolsterrelatively shorter than said transom bolster and movably supportedtherefrom.

20. A flexible railway truck comprising a pair of side frames, thetension members of which are pivotally connected together by a tiemember, each side frame having bolster openings defined by guide columnsprovided with interior surfaces cylindrically'concave about the verticalaxes of said frames, a multi-part bolster comprising, a

transom bolster having end portions received in i said bolster openingand formed with cylindrically convex side walls engaging said concavesurfaces on said guide columns to allow for angling therebetween, alateral motion bolster swingably supported from said transom bolster bymeans of links, said side frames having jaws at the ends thereof, andjournal boxes mounted for vertical movement within said jaws.

21. A multi-part bolster comprising a member adapted to have its endssupported by associated side frames and a relatively shorter car'bodysupporting member of substantially inverted U- shape in section andpartially enclosing the adjacent portion of said side frame supportedmember, each end of said car body supporting member being suspended fromsaid side frame supported member by a pair of links, the links of eachpair being pivotally connected adjacent their lower ends to said carbody supporting member and being rockably and rotatably connectedadjacent their upper ends to said side frame supported member.

22. A multi-part bolster comprising a transom bolster adapted to haveits ends supported by associated side frames, a lateral motion bolstersupported by said transom bolster and having each end thereof comprisinga pair of spaced depending flanges, a key adjacent each end of andextending through apertures in said transom bolster and oneof theflanges of said lateral motion bolster, the lower surface of said keyintermediate the ends thereof being curved to provide a rockingtherebetween, links disposed between said spaced flanges and dependingfrom the ends of said keys, and pins positioned in apertures in thelower ends of said links and spaced flanges for pivotally connecting thelateral motion bolster to said links.

23. A multi-part bolster comprising a transom bolster adapted to haveits ends supported by associated side frames, a lateral motion bolstersupported by said transom bolster having each end thereof formed by apair of spaced depending flanges, a key adjacent each end of andextending through apertures in said transom bolster and one of theflanges of said lateral motion bolster, the lower surface of said keyintermediate the ends thereof being curved to provide a rockingtherebetween, links disposed between said spaced flanges depending fromthe outer ends of said keys, pins extending through apertures in thelower ends of said links and spaced flanges, and means secured to saidlateral motion bolster for retaining said last-mentioned bolster inposition.

24. A multi-part bolster comprising a transom bolster having endportions adapted to be interposed between guide columns of associatedside frames and a lateral motion bolster pivotally suspended from saidtransom bolster by means of links mounted on the ends of keys extendingtherethrough, the end portions of said transom bolster having outersurfaces cylindrically convex about the vertical axes of the side frameswhich are adapted to cooperate with cylindrically concave inner surfaceson said guide columns for horizontal angling therebetween.

25. A multi-part bolster comprising a transom bolster having endportions adapted to be interposed between guide columns of associatedside frames and a U-shaped lateral motion bolster overlying andswingably suspended from said transom bolster by means of links mountedon the ends of keys extending therethrough, the end portions of saidtransom bolster having outer surfaces cylindrically convex about thevertical axes of the side frames adapted to cooperate with cylindricallyconcave inner surfaces on said guide columns for horizontal anglingtherebetween.

26. A multi-part bolster comprising a transom bolster adapted to haveits ends supported by associated side frames, a wear plate positioned insaid transom bolster adjacent each end thereof, keys extending throughapertures in said transom bolster and superimposed upon said wearplates, swing links pivotally connected to the ends of said keys and aU-shaped lateral motion bolster in straddling relation with said transombolster and pivotally connected to said links.

27. A multi-part bolster comprising a transom bolster adapted to haveits ends resiliently supported by associated side frames, a wear platepositioned in said transom bolster adjacent each end thereof, keysextending through apertures in said transom bolster and bearing uponsaid wear plates, swing links pivotally connected to the ends of saidkeys, and a lateral motion bolster pivotally connected to said links,the bottom surface of said keys intermediate the ends thereof beingcurved thereby elongating the effective radius of rotation of saidlinks.

28. In a flexible railway truck, in combination, a pair of side frameshaving bolster openings defined by guide columns provided with interiorsurfaces cylindrically concave about the vertical axes of said frames, amulti-part bolster comprising a transom bolster having end portionsreceived in said bolster openings and formed with cylindrically convexside walls engaging said concave surfaces on said guide columns to allowfor angling therebetween, a lateral motion bolster swingably supportedfrom said transom bolster by means of links, said side frames havingjaws at the ends thereof, journal boxes embraced between and movablevertically with respect to said jaws, and resilient means interposedbetween the journal boxes and side frames for supporting said framesfrom said boxes.

29. A flexible railway truck comprising a pair of side frames, eachhaving bolster openings defined by guide columns provided with interiorsurfaces cylindrically concave about the vertical axes of said frames, amulti-part bolster comprising a transom bolster having end portionsreceived in said bolster openings and formed with cylindrically convexside walls engaging said concave surfaces on said guide columns to allowfor horizontal angling therebetween, a lateral motion bolster swingablysupported from said transom bolster by means of links. said side frameshaving jaws at the ends thereof, journal boxes between said jaws andhaving cylindrical convex surfaces coaxial with the vertical axesthereof, and said jaws having corresponding cylindrically concavesurfaces cooperating with said journal box convex surfaces for allowinga relative horizontal angling therebetween.

30. A car body supporting bolster supported for lateral movement from at:ansom bolster, said first-mentioned bolster being substantially U-shape in section and having an upper web carrying a center bearing andhaving raised end portions forming side bearing supports, said upper weboverlying said transom bolster, side flanges depending from the edges ofsaid web adapted to be positioned adjacent said transom bolster, andmeans extending between said side flanges and bisecting the verticalplane of said transom bolster for preventing accidental separation ofthe car body supporting and transom bolsters.

31. In a multi-part bolster comprising a transom bolster adapted to haveits ends removably associated with spaced side frames, a lateral mo-.tion bolster substantially inverted U-shape in cross section and beingof a length less than the distance between said side frames, meansassociated with and extending outwardly of side walls of said transombolster, movable connecting means extending between said first-namedmeans and lateral motion bolster for rockably supporting said lateralmotion bolster from said transom bolster, and means connecting sideflanges of said lateral motion bolster and positioned in the verticalplane of said transom bolster for preventing accidental separation ofsaid bolster.

32. In a multi-part bolster comprising a transom bolster and a lateralmotion bolster having its ends terminating short of said transombolster, a key extending through apertures in said transom bolster,links depending from ends of said keys and having the lower extremitiesthereof pivotally connected to side flanges of said lateral .motionbolster, said flanges being apertured to permit insertion and removal ofsaid key, said apertures in said flanges being normally out ofhorizontal alignment with said transom bolster apertures so as toprevent accidental displacement of said key.

33. In a vertically movable multi-part bolster, in combination, atransom bolster and a lateral motion bolster relatively shorter thansaid transom bolster, means interposed between said bolsters forsupporting said lateral motion bolster said lateral motion bolster.

DONALD S. BARROWS.

